periodic table argon product definition chemistry

Henry Cavendish, while investigating atmospheric nitrogen (“phlogisticated air”), had concluded in 1785 that not more than 1/120 part of the nitrogen might be some inert constituent. , chemical element, inert gas of Group 18 (noble gases) of the periodic table, terrestrially the most abundant and industrially the most frequently used of the noble gases.Ĭolourless, odourless, and tasteless, argon gas was isolated (1894) from air by the British scientists Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay. Other noble gases would be equally suitable for most of these applications, but argon is by far the cheapest. Theoretical calculation predicts several more argon compounds that should be stable but have not yet been synthesized.Į938 (Argon) is the cheapest alternative when nitrogen is not sufficiently inert.Į938 (Argon) has low thermal conductivity.Į938 (Argon) has electronic properties (ionization and/or the emission spectrum) desirable for some applications. Ions, such as E938 (Argon)H+, and excited-state complexes, such as E938 (Argon)F, have been demonstrated. The complete octet (eight electrons) in the outer atomic shell makes argon stable and resistant to bonding with other elements.Į938 (Argon)'s triple point temperature of 83.8058 K is a defining fixed point in the International Temperature Scale of 1990.Į938 (Argon) is extracted industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air.Į938 (Argon) has approximately the same solubility in water as oxygen and is 2.5 times more soluble in water than nitrogen.Į938 (Argon) is colorless, odorless, nonflammable and nontoxic as a solid, liquid or gas.Į938 (Argon) is chemically inert under most conditions and forms no confirmed stable compounds at room temperature.Īlthough argon is a noble gas, it can form some compounds under various extreme conditions.Į938 (Argon) fluorohydride a compound of argon with fluorine and hydrogen that is stable below 17 K (−256.1 ☌ −429.1 ☏), has been demonstrated.Īlthough the neutral ground-state chemical compounds of argon are presently limited to, argon can form clathrates with water when atoms of argon are trapped in a lattice of water molecules. The name 'argon' is derived from the Greek word ἀργόν, neuter singular form of ἀργός meaning 'lazy' or 'inactive', as a reference to the fact that the element undergoes almost no chemical reactions. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, as E938 (Argon) is the most easily produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. Nearly all of the argon in the Earth's atmosphere is radiogenic argon-40, derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth's crust. Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): E938 (Argon)Į938 (Argon) is a chemical element with the symbol E938 (Argon) and atomic number 18.Į938 (Argon) is in group 18 of the periodic table and is a noble gas.Į938 (Argon) is the third-most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, at 0.934% (9340 ppmv).Į938 (Argon) is more than twice as abundant as water vapor (which averages about 4000 ppmv, but varies greatly), 23 times as abundant as carbon dioxide (400 ppmv), and more than 500 times as abundant as neon (18 ppmv).Į938 (Argon) is the most abundant noble gas in Earth's crust, comprising 0.00015% of the crust.

Periodic table argon product definition chemistry